Based on Lacan's threefold theory, this study tries to study Shariati's reading of modern mentality and his use of modern propositions in order to create a desirable socio-political order by descriptive and analytical methods. Influenced by modernity and non-modernity and combining it with Islamic principles, he established his desired political and social order in the orbit of the ummah and the Imamate and committed democracy. In a radical reappraisal of Iran’s modern history, Ervand Abrahamian traces the country’s traumatic journey from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day, through the discovery of oil, imperial interventions, the rule of the Pahlavis, and the birth of the Islamic Republic. Massignon, who had a mystical reading of Islam, was also greatly influenced by him. The research findings show that modern and even non-modern mentality, meaning how to perceive modernity, has influenced the Shari'a intellectual system Influenced by the ideas of thinkers such as Gurovitch and Berg, he became well acquainted with socialism and became acquainted with Sartre and his humanist ideas. The purpose of this article is to examine and analyze the impact of modern mentality on the construction of the socio-political order that Shariati as one of the Iranian religious thinkers of the 1940s and 1950s. Religious modernism, as a form of modern thinking, has sought to combine modern achievements with traditional propositions. In Iran, modern thinking emerged following the confrontation of Iranians with non-Westerners in the constitutional era. Ervand Abrahamian is Distinguished Professor Emeritus of History at Baruch College and Graduate Center, City University of New York.

تاریخ ایران مدرن by Ervand Abrahamian